Dendrobium Garden

Dendrobium spp. is the collective name of tropical dendrobium blooming in the autumn in Dendrobium. Because of its flowering flower shaped butterfly, also known as butterfly, its native species are distributed in Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea and other countries in Oceania, the majority of hybrids for the New Guinea’s tropical species of Dendrobium phalaenopsis as a parent breeding . Dendrobium spp. epiphytic, green leaves alternate on both sides of the reed-like pseudobulb, for several years does not fall off, visible in the inflorescence from the top of the pseudobulb out on a few flowers to dozens of flowers, colorful, Flowering time of up to 2 months, with a strong temperament, peaceful and friendly temperament, so there are “Father’s Day flowers,” the title. Dendrobium spp. hi hi-temperature, moist, sunny environment, when the winter temperature is below 12 ℃ need to heat protection.
Florid: humanity beauty, father’s flower
Brief introduction: Genus Dendrobium for the Greek dendron (tree) and bios (life) word combination, which means epiphytic in the tree. Dendrobium origin is mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands, there are about 1000 species in the world. There are about 76 species in our country, most of which are distributed in the tropical, subtropical and southwestern regions of the Qinling Mountains in Southwest, South China and Taiwan. Growing at an altitude of 100 to 3000 meters between the height, often attached to trees or rocks. This is an epiphytic, its morphological changes varied. At present, Thailand, New Zealand and Malaysia in Southeast Asia are cultivation centers.
Dendrobium phalaenopsis, the most common Dendrobium candidum on the market, comes from the hybrid Dendrobium phalaenopsis, which is similar to a butterfly in flower shape. Its name is like a butterfly, which is like a butterfly in the field in full bloom Flying in general, pretty cute lingerie. At first glance, Dendrobium spp. and phalaenopsis really a bit similar, but in fact, the two flowers are still very different.
Because the flower shape of Dendrobium spp. like a butterfly – like, so it is also known as “Butterfly Orchid Dendrobium”; In addition there is a rare Dendrobium spp. market, the petals slender curly into antelope horn in general. The former is mainly from Hawaii, with large and rich flowers and rich red color. It is the most common Dendrobium spp. in Taiwan. The latter is mostly from Thailand and Hawaii. The flower shape changes greatly and the flower color is also long. Its flowering period is long and not fixed.
Both Phalaenopsis or gazelle-shaped Dendrobium spp., their pseudobulbs were cylindrical, tufted, up to 60 ~ 70cm, was fleshy solid, the base is covered with gray, brown leaf sheath, the stalk is obvious, The upper part of the stem nodes with the number of boat-shaped leaves, leaves about 10 ~ 18cm. Stems from the top of the leaf ax pumped mountain, up to 60cm long, each flower can spend 4 to 18 flowers, many colors. Flower diameter is generally about 5 ~ 7cm, the growth of the outermost three are sepals, the upper sepal leaves elliptic, apex obtuse; lower sepal 2, wider or with the upper sepals with the tip often crooked, the most interesting But its base, which often extends backwards to form a human chin, is called “Mentum” in Lancô terminology. Dendrobium spp. lip is the largest part of the flower, was broad oval, apex obtuse, sometimes also slightly concave situation; lip is the whole margin, there is no obvious trisomy, the base curl to protect the column, The tip is slightly expanded shape.
Ecological habits
Hi warm, moist. Wide temperature requirements, 8 ℃ can be winter. Hi light, summer shading required. Cultivation substrate mostly coarse peat, pine bark, vermiculite, perlite, sawdust and other preparation, loose, water, breathable. Have a certain drought tolerance. Dendrobium spp. natural dormant period, like the sun, plenty of sunshine is necessary for flowering. Winter, spring can not shading. Dendrobium spp. thick leaves can adapt to the full sunshine environment, the leaves should be light green. The light is too strong, the leaves are green, the light is too weak, the dark green. Cultivation technology editor
Breeding
The main ramets, hand or tool can be, remove the old root, 3 stems 1 basin. Can also be inserted stems or sub-plant top bud formation of small plant propagation. Or sterile sowing.
Should be cultivated in hothouses. Winter obvious dormant period, the winter temperature of about 10 ℃, the temperature suddenly increased to above 20 ℃ will affect flower bud differentiation. Growth temperature 25 ~ 35 ℃. Flower bud differentiation should be appropriate to reduce the temperature, reduce watering, in order to facilitate the flowering the following year. Growth to ensure moisture, avoid water. Large amount of fertilizer required, the growth period can be applied once a week fat.
Fertilization
During the growth of seedling and medium seedling, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium balance, or higher nitrogen fertilizers were applied. In the spring, seedling or flowering plants applied more nitrogenous fertilizer to cultivate new shoots and fertilized pseudobulbs, In particular, phosphate fertilizer, can promote pseudobulbar hypertrophy, so as to be able to store adequate nutrients for the flowering needs; to the late summer and autumn, you can stop fertilization. Fertilization methods, in addition to the long-term fertilizer, the best can also use the “thin fertilizer and more” principle, about every 7 to 8 days fertilization 1 time.
Change pots and basin soil
Dendrobium spp. should enter the growing period before the basin. However, the best time should be in the new sprout just before the new roots did not grow, but because the timing is more difficult to grasp, it is still before the growth period for basin change is better. Autumn root of Dendrobium slender, more suitable for growth in the small pot, if the pot is too large, too much water, easy to root growth defects, and even cause plant death. Good drainage is the best cultivation of Dendrobium spp. necessary conditions, therefore, a good ventilation of snake shavings for the best basin soil, in addition, add a little water moss peat, helps to maintain moisture.
Cultivation suitable temperature, moisture
Should be cultivated in high temperature greenhouse, the winter dormancy significantly, overwintering temperature of about 10 ℃, the temperature suddenly increased to above 20 ℃ will affect flower bud differentiation. Growth temperature 25 ~ 35 ℃. Flower bud differentiation should be appropriate to reduce the temperature, reduce watering, in order to facilitate the flowering the following year. Growth to ensure moisture, avoid water. Large amount of fertilizer required, the growth period can be applied thin fertilizer 1 times a week. [1]
Management points
Dendrobium spp. commonly planted with water moss, you can also use bark, blue stone, coconut, charcoal mixed planting. [2] Spring – Night temperatures above 15 degrees, into the growing season, to ensure adequate fertilizer. Plants can be transplanted, but new plants are to be watered within 2-3 weeks. 3-6 low monthly fertilization 3-4 times a month, the average fertilizer (such as spent a lot of 1), but also among the middle of some high nitrogen fertilizer.
Summer – should be placed in a well-ventilated environment, appropriate shade. Summer high temperature watering in the evening, only average fat, fat to light, water should be adequate.
Autumn – in addition to the average fertilizer in August, but also more than high-phosphorus potash (such as spent a lot of 2), autumn more resistant to drought, high temperature, like the strong light and more fat.
Winter – 15 degrees below the stop fertilization, moved to the room. Keep warm. Water can be added to the plants in the form of a spray to maintain air humidity. When the potted plants are too dry, they can be watered at noon on a sunny day.
The temperature is too low, autumn leaves Dendrobium is also normal.
Dendrobium cultivation techniques
(1) temperature and environment
Dendrobium native to tropical Asia, often attached to the trunk of the forest or rock, like high temperature, high humidity and semi-Yin environment, deciduous temperatures can be reduced to 10 ℃ or less, the evergreen generally can not be less than 15 In addition, Dendrobium more sensitive to temperature differences between day and night, it is best to maintain the temperature difference of 10 ~ 15 ℃, the temperature difference is too small, such as 4 ~ 5 ℃, poor growth of plants, branches and leaves can not flourish.
Dendrobium like a certain sunshine, 10 o’clock in the morning sun can be direct, the rest of the time should shade 70% ~ 80%. Light season growing spring may be less, like the winter dormancy light line.
(2) matrix and change basin
Dendrobium is a typical tropical epiphytic, cultivation requires good ventilation at the root, cultivation medium must be loose, permeable and breathable, commonly used ceramsite, fern root, tree fern blocks, bark blocks, coconut shell, plastic foam, broken bricks , Charcoal, volcanic rock or vermiculite and other materials. Operation, first in the pelvic floor filled broken bricks, plastic foam and other thick drainage, with fern roots and broken bricks will Dendrobium planted in pots, plant sprouts on the central pot, the other inserted small bamboo fixed . When planting, gently tighten the pot to seedlings no longer loose. Be careful not to injure young shoots and new roots when cultivating.
Cultivars more than two years of pots, plants grow, the root is too full, to change basins in time. Baskets usually bloom in the spring after the sprouts have not yet grown out of the cultivation materials should be replaced together basin can be combined with ramets.
(3) Watering and fertilizing
Dendrobium germination in the sprout to the formation of new roots more fragile, it requires adequate water, afraid of too wet, otherwise it will cause decay. Dendrobium growing season is often the rainy season, pay attention to basin water, if you encounter dry weather, it should be timely in all directions water, in order to maintain high air humidity. Deciduous class in the winter may be appropriate to dry, less watering, evergreen winter as long as the greenhouse temperature is high, you should maintain adequate water.
Dendrobium application of fertilizer once a week in the growing season, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer foliar spraying or root application, the concentration is generally 0.1%. Can also be applied after the water maturity of farmyard manure, such as water cooked peanut bran, but the concentration can not be too strong. Deciduous species in the winter dormancy should stop fertilization. Evergreen, as long as the ambient temperature is high, can continue to fertilize, but the temperature is low, the plant is in a forced dormant period, should also stop fertilization.